Czardas
Vittorio Monti(1868〜1923)
チャルダス
ヴィットリオ・モンティ 作曲
作曲者モンティは1886年ナポリの音楽学校出身のヴァイオリン演奏家で作品も多い。
そして今世紀初めパリーに移住し、マントドリンと作曲の教授を始めマンドリン音楽隆盛の波に乗り、1910年にはパリーでモンティ・グループと称して、よく知られたマンドリニスト、ギタリスト、作曲家(GoldbergeFeret兄弟、詩人でギタリストのGela)とセミプロのマンドリン合奏団を組織し、この公演によってこれらの楽器の美しさが知られるようになった。
このチャルダスはマンドリンの為に作曲せられたという説もあるが、偶々マンドリンに乗せて一層効果が挙がったということらしい。
チャルダスはハンガリーの民族舞曲で、本来はジプシーのもの。
情緒的な緩いラッソーと快速調のフリスカか交互に現れ、強いシンコペート・リズムが特徴。
in English
Vittorio Monti
His musical career and a discussion of his works
Vittorio Monti was born on January 6, 1868 in Naples, Italy and died on February 2, 1923 in Paris, France.
(June 22, 1922 assumed that he died is a mistake)
He studied violin in Italy under F.Pinto and S.Pinto and composition under P.Serrao at the S.Pietro a Majella Music Conservatory and received certification as a violinist at the age of 18.
In 1886 he moved to Paris and studied under Camillo Sivoli -- who was famous for having been the sole disciple of Paganini -- in order to Raise his ability to an even higher level.
He settled in Paris and served as the concert master of the Lamoureux Orchestra and Conductor of the Paris Concert orchestra.
He assembled a number of the well-known mandolinists and guitarists of Paris and formed "The Monti Group" mandolin orchestra which received wide acclaim.
Eventually he gave up performing and concentrated on his activities as professor of
violin and mandolin and particularly on composing.
The body of his work contains numerous operettas and songs and among them the pantomime "Pierrot's Christmas" enjoyed great popularity at the time. His publications,mainly through the publisher Ricordi of Milano, include a mandolin instruction book.
Among Monti's composition, "Czardas" is very well known as a piece for violin, but is a little know fact that it was originally written for mandolin.
Unfortunately no original score of this has reached Japan so various mandolin composers have until now have transposed scores for mandolin based upon the violin score.
Recently,however,an original score for two mandolins,guitar and piano was discovered in Italy.
so based on this Maestro Jiro Nakano has made an arrangement for mandolin orchestra.
It should be noted that there are both a "Czardas No.1 and a "Czardas No.2".
The best known of these is No.1.
"Czardas No.2" which was published by Ricordi in 1909, is a score for violin and orchestra and not mandolin.
Few people, not only in Japan, but internationally as well, are aware of the existence of this piece.
This version seems to be somewhat inferior to No.1, but with its passionate theme
and lively rhythm it cannot be casually ignored.
Few of Monti's mandolin compositions have found their way to Japan and, because they are written only for small ensembles they are very little known.
Mont's works number over 400, and among them are some it would have been a great shame to have lost.