The increased use of low tar filter cigarettes could be linked to a rising
incidence of, and poorer rates of survival from, lung adenocarcinoma
among Dutch men, a new study from the Netherlands has
shown. 低タールたばこの使用が増えるにつれ、オランダの男性では予後の悪い肺腺癌の頻度が増している。
The authors argued that the worsening prognosis for men with adenocarcinoma
who were born after 1930 could result partly from a shift in the
biological behaviour of adenocarcinomas towards being more rapidly
metastasising tumours. This may be related to change in tobacco use,
with the increasing popularity of low tar filter cigarettes since the
1960s being "the most likely candidate," they suggested. 1930年以後に生まれた男性の腺癌患者の予後の悪化は、一部は転移が早い腺癌の特徴によるものと、著者らは強調している。
The study, building on US research, is particularly relevant to the
Netherlands as surveys by the Dutch Foundation on Public Health and
Smoking show that, among men who smoke, the proportion who smoke low
tar filter cigarettes has increased from 30% to 78% between
1979 and 1997. 低タールフィルター紙巻たばこを吸う男性の比率は1979年の30％から1997年の78％まで上昇していた。
Dr Jan-Willem Coebergh of Erasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam,
studied data at the Eindhoven Cancer Registry in North Brabant for
more than 7000 patients in whom non-small cell lung cancer was
diagnosed between 1975 and 1994. He was concerned that some
survival rates were getting worse. 1975年から1994年の間に診断された小細胞肺癌以外の肺癌患者7000名以上の生存率に注目してデータが検討された。
The results, published in this month's Epidemiology (2001;12: 256-8),
showed that the proportion of adenocarcinomas among men with a
diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer almost doubled to 18% in the
two decades up to 1994. その結果、非小細胞肺癌で腺癌と診断された比率はこの1994年までの20年間の間に18％と倍増していた。
Whereas the survival rates for other non-small cell carcinomas remained
unchanged, those for adenocarcinomas fell between 1975 and
1992, despite good access to specialist care. They dropped from
59% to 43% at one year and from 36% to 27% at three years. 一方、非小細胞肺癌患者の生存率は不変であったが、腺癌患者のそれは専門家が注意深く診療したにもかかわらず1975年から1992年の間に低下していた。
Dr Coebergh said that, although the dangers of smoking filter cigarettes are
already known, his research, using the cancer registry's reliable
data on histological subtype, showed that the adenocarcinomas
occurring recently are different from those in the past. "The most
likely explanation is the change in smoking patterns, especially
among men," he said. フィルターたばこの危険性はすでに知られていたが、この信頼できる癌登録の研究結果によると、最近発生している腺癌は過去のデータとは異なっている。｢最も信憑性がある説明は、男性における喫煙パターンの変化である｣とされている。
There was no change in the higher proportion of about 40% of women with a
diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancers who have adenocarcinomas.
This corresponds to a constant and higher use of low tar filter
cigarettes. 女性の非小細胞肺癌ではの腺癌が40％近いという高い発生比率は変わっていない。これは、女性ではもともとフィルターたばこの使用が高かったことによるものである。
US studies have suggested that the shift of longstanding smokers to low tar
filter cigarettes results in the smoker inhaling more deeply and
retaining smoke longer. This could increase the risk of developing a
tumour in the peripheral lung zones, where most lung adenocarcinomas
arise. 長期喫煙者が低タールフィルターたばこにシフトすると、煙をより深く吸い込み長くとどめるようになる。ことことが肺の末梢での腫瘍発生の危険度を高め、腺癌を発生させている。
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The proportion of male smokers in the
Netherlands smoking light" cigarettes rose from 30%to 78% between
1979 and 1997
オランダの男性喫煙者で、ライトたばこを吸っている割合は1979年の30％から1997年の78％まで上昇している。
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